The RPA190-pc gene participates in the regulation of metalaxyl sensitivity, pathogenicity and growth in Phytophthora capsici.
Identifieur interne : 000000 ( Main/Exploration ); suivant : 000001The RPA190-pc gene participates in the regulation of metalaxyl sensitivity, pathogenicity and growth in Phytophthora capsici.
Auteurs : Weiyan Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Dong Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Xin Zhuo [République populaire de Chine] ; Yiye Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Zhiqiang Song [République populaire de Chine] ; Fangxin Chen [République populaire de Chine] ; Yuemin Pan [République populaire de Chine] ; Zhimou Gao [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- Gene [ 1879-0038 ] ; 2021.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Alanine (analogues et dérivés), Alanine (pharmacologie), Capsicum (microbiologie), Domaines protéiques (génétique), Feuilles de plante (microbiologie), Fongicides industriels (pharmacologie), Gènes fongiques (MeSH), Maladies des plantes (microbiologie), Maladies des plantes (prévention et contrôle), Mutation (MeSH), Mycelium (croissance et développement), Mycelium (génétique), Phytophthora (croissance et développement), Phytophthora (effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques), Phytophthora (génétique), Phytophthora (pathogénicité), Protéines fongiques (génétique), RNA polymerase I (génétique), Régulation de l'expression des gènes au cours du développement (MeSH), Régulation de l'expression des gènes fongiques (MeSH), Résistance des champignons aux médicaments (génétique), Sporanges (croissance et développement), Sporanges (génétique), Virulence (génétique), Étapes du cycle de vie (génétique).
- MESH :
- analogues et dérivés : Alanine.
- croissance et développement : Mycelium, Phytophthora, Sporanges.
- effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques : Phytophthora.
- génétique : Domaines protéiques, Mycelium, Phytophthora, Protéines fongiques, RNA polymerase I, Résistance des champignons aux médicaments, Sporanges, Virulence, Étapes du cycle de vie.
- microbiologie : Capsicum, Feuilles de plante, Maladies des plantes.
- pathogénicité : Phytophthora.
- pharmacologie : Alanine, Fongicides industriels.
- prévention et contrôle : Maladies des plantes.
- Gènes fongiques, Mutation, Régulation de l'expression des gènes au cours du développement, Régulation de l'expression des gènes fongiques.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Alanine (analogs & derivatives), Alanine (pharmacology), Capsicum (microbiology), Drug Resistance, Fungal (genetics), Fungal Proteins (genetics), Fungicides, Industrial (pharmacology), Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental (MeSH), Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal (MeSH), Genes, Fungal (MeSH), Life Cycle Stages (genetics), Mutation (MeSH), Mycelium (genetics), Mycelium (growth & development), Phytophthora (drug effects), Phytophthora (genetics), Phytophthora (growth & development), Phytophthora (pathogenicity), Plant Diseases (microbiology), Plant Diseases (prevention & control), Plant Leaves (microbiology), Protein Domains (genetics), RNA Polymerase I (genetics), Sporangia (genetics), Sporangia (growth & development), Virulence (genetics).
- MESH :
- chemical , analogs & derivatives : Alanine.
- chemical , genetics : Fungal Proteins, RNA Polymerase I.
- chemical , pharmacology : Alanine, Fungicides, Industrial.
- drug effects : Phytophthora.
- genetics : Drug Resistance, Fungal, Life Cycle Stages, Mycelium, Phytophthora, Protein Domains, Sporangia, Virulence.
- growth & development : Mycelium, Phytophthora, Sporangia.
- microbiology : Capsicum, Plant Diseases, Plant Leaves.
- pathogenicity : Phytophthora.
- prevention & control : Plant Diseases.
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Genes, Fungal, Mutation.
Abstract
Metalaxyl is one of the main fungicides used to control pepper blight caused by Phytophthora capsici. Metalaxyl resistance of P. capsici, caused by the long-term intense use of this fungicide, has become one of the most serious challenges facing pest management. In this study, a conserved domain RPOLA-N of the RPA190 gene of P. capsici (RPA190-pc) was identified from the P. capsici SD1-9 strain. The role of the RPA190-pc underlying the metalaxyl resistance of P. capsici was investigated. Three P. capsici mutants, two with downregulated RPA190-pc (SD1-9C-3 and C-4) expression and one showing upregulation (OESD1-9-1), were obtained by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) mediated protoplast transformations of P. capsici SD1-9. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR results showed that RPA190-pc was downregulated by more than 60% in SD1-9C-3/C-4 and upregulated 3-fold in OESD1-9-1 compared with that of the control strain SD1-9. Evaluation of the metalaxyl resistance of these three transformants showed that the EC50 values of metalaxyl against SD1-9C-3, SD1-9C-4, and OESD1-9-1 were 120.0 µg·mL-1, 24.4 µg·mL-1, and 15573.0 µg·mL-1, respectively, corresponding to 63.3% decrease, 92.5% decrease, and 47.7-fold increase relative to the EC50 value in SD1-9. Compared with SD1-9, the mycelia of transformants SD1-9C-3, SD1-9C-4, and OESD1-9-1 showed more branches and shorter branches; and the transformants had different pathogenicity to different hosts plants. The expression of the candidate gene RPA190-pc during 10 life-history stages was further studied, the results showed that expression level reached a maximum at the zoospores stage, and it gradually increased with the increase of SD1 and SD1-9 infection time of pepper leaves, indicated that RPA190-pc may be related to the growth and pathogenicity of P. capsici. These results indicate that the expression of RPA190-pc is involved in the regulation of P. capsici resistance to metalaxyl.
DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145081
PubMed: 32860897
Affiliations:
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School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China; School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Anhui</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Dong" sort="Liu, Dong" uniqKey="Liu D" first="Dong" last="Liu">Dong Liu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Anhui</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhuo, Xin" sort="Zhuo, Xin" uniqKey="Zhuo X" first="Xin" last="Zhuo">Xin Zhuo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Anhui</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yiye" sort="Wang, Yiye" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yiye" last="Wang">Yiye Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Anhui</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Song, Zhiqiang" sort="Song, Zhiqiang" uniqKey="Song Z" first="Zhiqiang" last="Song">Zhiqiang Song</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Anhui</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Fangxin" sort="Chen, Fangxin" uniqKey="Chen F" first="Fangxin" last="Chen">Fangxin Chen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Anhui</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pan, Yuemin" sort="Pan, Yuemin" uniqKey="Pan Y" first="Yuemin" last="Pan">Yuemin Pan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Anhui</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gao, Zhimou" sort="Gao, Zhimou" uniqKey="Gao Z" first="Zhimou" last="Gao">Zhimou Gao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China. Electronic address: gaozhimou@126.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Anhui</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Gene</title><idno type="eISSN">1879-0038</idno><imprint><date when="2021" type="published">2021</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Alanine (analogs & derivatives)</term><term>Alanine (pharmacology)</term><term>Capsicum (microbiology)</term><term>Drug Resistance, Fungal (genetics)</term><term>Fungal Proteins (genetics)</term><term>Fungicides, Industrial (pharmacology)</term><term>Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental (MeSH)</term><term>Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal (MeSH)</term><term>Genes, Fungal (MeSH)</term><term>Life Cycle Stages (genetics)</term><term>Mutation (MeSH)</term><term>Mycelium (genetics)</term><term>Mycelium (growth & development)</term><term>Phytophthora (drug effects)</term><term>Phytophthora (genetics)</term><term>Phytophthora (growth & development)</term><term>Phytophthora (pathogenicity)</term><term>Plant Diseases (microbiology)</term><term>Plant Diseases (prevention & control)</term><term>Plant Leaves (microbiology)</term><term>Protein Domains (genetics)</term><term>RNA Polymerase I (genetics)</term><term>Sporangia (genetics)</term><term>Sporangia (growth & development)</term><term>Virulence (genetics)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Alanine (analogues et dérivés)</term><term>Alanine (pharmacologie)</term><term>Capsicum (microbiologie)</term><term>Domaines protéiques (génétique)</term><term>Feuilles de plante (microbiologie)</term><term>Fongicides industriels (pharmacologie)</term><term>Gènes fongiques (MeSH)</term><term>Maladies des plantes (microbiologie)</term><term>Maladies des plantes (prévention et contrôle)</term><term>Mutation (MeSH)</term><term>Mycelium (croissance et développement)</term><term>Mycelium (génétique)</term><term>Phytophthora (croissance et développement)</term><term>Phytophthora (effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques)</term><term>Phytophthora (génétique)</term><term>Phytophthora (pathogénicité)</term><term>Protéines fongiques (génétique)</term><term>RNA polymerase I (génétique)</term><term>Régulation de l'expression des gènes au cours du développement (MeSH)</term><term>Régulation de l'expression des gènes fongiques (MeSH)</term><term>Résistance des champignons aux médicaments (génétique)</term><term>Sporanges (croissance et développement)</term><term>Sporanges (génétique)</term><term>Virulence (génétique)</term><term>Étapes du cycle de vie (génétique)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analogs & derivatives" xml:lang="en"><term>Alanine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Fungal Proteins</term><term>RNA Polymerase I</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Alanine</term><term>Fungicides, Industrial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analogues et dérivés" xml:lang="fr"><term>Alanine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="croissance et développement" xml:lang="fr"><term>Mycelium</term><term>Phytophthora</term><term>Sporanges</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Phytophthora</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques" xml:lang="fr"><term>Phytophthora</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Drug Resistance, Fungal</term><term>Life Cycle Stages</term><term>Mycelium</term><term>Phytophthora</term><term>Protein Domains</term><term>Sporangia</term><term>Virulence</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycelium</term><term>Phytophthora</term><term>Sporangia</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Domaines protéiques</term><term>Mycelium</term><term>Phytophthora</term><term>Protéines fongiques</term><term>RNA polymerase I</term><term>Résistance des champignons aux médicaments</term><term>Sporanges</term><term>Virulence</term><term>Étapes du cycle de vie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Capsicum</term><term>Feuilles de plante</term><term>Maladies des plantes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Capsicum</term><term>Plant Diseases</term><term>Plant Leaves</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogenicity" xml:lang="en"><term>Phytophthora</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogénicité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Phytophthora</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Alanine</term><term>Fongicides industriels</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Diseases</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prévention et contrôle" xml:lang="fr"><term>Maladies des plantes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental</term><term>Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal</term><term>Genes, Fungal</term><term>Mutation</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Gènes fongiques</term><term>Mutation</term><term>Régulation de l'expression des gènes au cours du développement</term><term>Régulation de l'expression des gènes fongiques</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Metalaxyl is one of the main fungicides used to control pepper blight caused by Phytophthora capsici. Metalaxyl resistance of P. capsici, caused by the long-term intense use of this fungicide, has become one of the most serious challenges facing pest management. In this study, a conserved domain RPOLA-N of the RPA190 gene of P. capsici (RPA190-pc) was identified from the P. capsici SD1-9 strain. The role of the RPA190-pc underlying the metalaxyl resistance of P. capsici was investigated. Three P. capsici mutants, two with downregulated RPA190-pc (SD1-9C-3 and C-4) expression and one showing upregulation (OESD1-9-1), were obtained by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) mediated protoplast transformations of P. capsici SD1-9. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR results showed that RPA190-pc was downregulated by more than 60% in SD1-9C-3/C-4 and upregulated 3-fold in OESD1-9-1 compared with that of the control strain SD1-9. Evaluation of the metalaxyl resistance of these three transformants showed that the EC<sub>50</sub> values of metalaxyl against SD1-9C-3, SD1-9C-4, and OESD1-9-1 were 120.0 µg·mL<sup>-1</sup>, 24.4 µg·mL<sup>-1</sup>, and 15573.0 µg·mL<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, corresponding to 63.3% decrease, 92.5% decrease, and 47.7-fold increase relative to the EC<sub>50</sub> value in SD1-9. Compared with SD1-9, the mycelia of transformants SD1-9C-3, SD1-9C-4, and OESD1-9-1 showed more branches and shorter branches; and the transformants had different pathogenicity to different hosts plants. The expression of the candidate gene RPA190-pc during 10 life-history stages was further studied, the results showed that expression level reached a maximum at the zoospores stage, and it gradually increased with the increase of SD1 and SD1-9 infection time of pepper leaves, indicated that RPA190-pc may be related to the growth and pathogenicity of P. capsici. These results indicate that the expression of RPA190-pc is involved in the regulation of P. capsici resistance to metalaxyl.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32860897</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>27</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>27</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1879-0038</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>764</Volume><PubDate><Year>2021</Year><Month>Jan</Month><Day>05</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Gene</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Gene</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The RPA190-pc gene participates in the regulation of metalaxyl sensitivity, pathogenicity and growth in Phytophthora capsici.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>145081</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0378-1119(20)30750-2</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.gene.2020.145081</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Metalaxyl is one of the main fungicides used to control pepper blight caused by Phytophthora capsici. Metalaxyl resistance of P. capsici, caused by the long-term intense use of this fungicide, has become one of the most serious challenges facing pest management. In this study, a conserved domain RPOLA-N of the RPA190 gene of P. capsici (RPA190-pc) was identified from the P. capsici SD1-9 strain. The role of the RPA190-pc underlying the metalaxyl resistance of P. capsici was investigated. Three P. capsici mutants, two with downregulated RPA190-pc (SD1-9C-3 and C-4) expression and one showing upregulation (OESD1-9-1), were obtained by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) mediated protoplast transformations of P. capsici SD1-9. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR results showed that RPA190-pc was downregulated by more than 60% in SD1-9C-3/C-4 and upregulated 3-fold in OESD1-9-1 compared with that of the control strain SD1-9. Evaluation of the metalaxyl resistance of these three transformants showed that the EC<sub>50</sub> values of metalaxyl against SD1-9C-3, SD1-9C-4, and OESD1-9-1 were 120.0 µg·mL<sup>-1</sup>, 24.4 µg·mL<sup>-1</sup>, and 15573.0 µg·mL<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, corresponding to 63.3% decrease, 92.5% decrease, and 47.7-fold increase relative to the EC<sub>50</sub> value in SD1-9. Compared with SD1-9, the mycelia of transformants SD1-9C-3, SD1-9C-4, and OESD1-9-1 showed more branches and shorter branches; and the transformants had different pathogenicity to different hosts plants. The expression of the candidate gene RPA190-pc during 10 life-history stages was further studied, the results showed that expression level reached a maximum at the zoospores stage, and it gradually increased with the increase of SD1 and SD1-9 infection time of pepper leaves, indicated that RPA190-pc may be related to the growth and pathogenicity of P. capsici. These results indicate that the expression of RPA190-pc is involved in the regulation of P. capsici resistance to metalaxyl.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier B.V.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Weiyan</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China; School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liu</LastName><ForeName>Dong</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhuo</LastName><ForeName>Xin</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Yiye</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Song</LastName><ForeName>Zhiqiang</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Fangxin</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pan</LastName><ForeName>Yuemin</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gao</LastName><ForeName>Zhimou</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China. Electronic address: gaozhimou@126.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>26</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Netherlands</Country><MedlineTA>Gene</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>7706761</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0378-1119</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D005656">Fungal Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D005659">Fungicides, Industrial</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>16K4M187IF</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C028175">metalaxyl</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 2.7.7.6</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012318">RNA Polymerase I</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>OF5P57N2ZX</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000409">Alanine</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000409" MajorTopicYN="N">Alanine</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000031" MajorTopicYN="N">analogs & derivatives</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002212" MajorTopicYN="N">Capsicum</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D025141" MajorTopicYN="N">Drug Resistance, Fungal</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005656" MajorTopicYN="N">Fungal Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005659" MajorTopicYN="N">Fungicides, Industrial</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018507" MajorTopicYN="N">Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015966" MajorTopicYN="N">Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005800" MajorTopicYN="N">Genes, Fungal</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008018" MajorTopicYN="N">Life Cycle Stages</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009154" MajorTopicYN="N">Mutation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D025282" MajorTopicYN="N">Mycelium</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000254" MajorTopicYN="N">growth & development</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010838" MajorTopicYN="N">Phytophthora</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000254" MajorTopicYN="N">growth & development</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000472" MajorTopicYN="N">pathogenicity</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010935" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Diseases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="N">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018515" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Leaves</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000072417" MajorTopicYN="N">Protein Domains</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012318" MajorTopicYN="N">RNA Polymerase I</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058432" MajorTopicYN="N">Sporangia</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000254" MajorTopicYN="N">growth & development</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014774" MajorTopicYN="N">Virulence</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Fungicide</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Metalaxyl resistance</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Pathogenicity</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Protoplast transformation</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>04</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>18</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>20</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32860897</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0378-1119(20)30750-2</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.gene.2020.145081</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>République populaire de Chine</li></country></list><tree><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Wang, Weiyan" sort="Wang, Weiyan" uniqKey="Wang W" first="Weiyan" last="Wang">Weiyan Wang</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Chen, Fangxin" sort="Chen, Fangxin" uniqKey="Chen F" first="Fangxin" last="Chen">Fangxin Chen</name><name sortKey="Gao, Zhimou" sort="Gao, Zhimou" uniqKey="Gao Z" first="Zhimou" last="Gao">Zhimou Gao</name><name sortKey="Liu, Dong" sort="Liu, Dong" uniqKey="Liu D" first="Dong" last="Liu">Dong Liu</name><name sortKey="Pan, Yuemin" sort="Pan, Yuemin" uniqKey="Pan Y" first="Yuemin" last="Pan">Yuemin Pan</name><name sortKey="Song, Zhiqiang" sort="Song, Zhiqiang" uniqKey="Song Z" first="Zhiqiang" last="Song">Zhiqiang Song</name><name sortKey="Wang, Yiye" sort="Wang, Yiye" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yiye" last="Wang">Yiye 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